Takaitaccen Bayani na Babban Jami'i
Lokacin da wani mai samar da abincin kaji na Bulgaria mai matsakaicin girma ya fuskanci rashin daidaiton ingancin kaji da kuma yawan lalacewar da ya yi a layin samar da alkama mai nauyin alkama, sai suka koma ga Injin Samar da Abinci na Hongyang don neman mafita. Ta hanyar sake gyara injin niƙa na pellet ɗinsu da ke da shi tare da na'urar zobe ta Hongyang SZLH wacce aka ƙera musamman don abincin kaji na alkama, injin niƙa ya sami ma'aunin juriyar kaji (PDI) na 97.5%, ya kiyaye ingantaccen aiki sama da tan 8 a kowace awa, kuma ya tsawaita tsawon rayuwar kaji da kusan kashi 40% idan aka kwatanta da wanda ya samar da shi a baya. Wannan nazarin shari'ar ya ƙunshi kimanta fasaha, aiwatarwa, da sakamakon aiki na haɗin gwiwar.
Bayanin Abokin Ciniki
Abokin ciniki wani kamfani ne mai zaman kansa wanda ke da masana'antar ciyar da abinci mai zaman kansa wanda ke Lardin Stara Zagora, tsakiyar Bulgaria - yanki da aka sani da cibiyar noma ta ƙasar. Yana aiki da cibiyar tace abinci mai layi ɗaya tare da ƙarfin samar da kusan tan 60,000 a kowace shekara, kuma kamfanin yana samar da abincin da aka haɗa ga gonakin kaji sama da 40 a kudancin da gabashin Bulgaria. Abokan cinikinsu sun haɗa da manoma masu zaman kansu da kuma wasu ayyukan kiwon kaji da aka haɗa waɗanda ke buƙatar bin ƙa'idodin aminci da inganci na ciyar da abinci na EU.
Sashen kaji na Bulgaria ya fuskanci gagarumin ci gaba tun lokacin da ƙasar ta shiga Tarayyar Turai a shekarar 2007. Samar da kaji a cikin gida ya ci gaba da ƙaruwa, inda ya kai kimanin tan 110,000 na nauyin rai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, wanda hakan ya haifar da ƙaruwar yawan cin kaji ga kowace mutum da kuma damar fitar da su zuwa kasuwannin makwabta, ciki har da Romania, Girka, da Arewacin Macedonia. Wannan ci gaban ya sanya matsin lamba ga masana'antun abinci su samar da ingantaccen ingancin pellet yayin da suke sarrafa farashin samarwa.
Abokin ciniki yana aiki da injin niƙa pellet da aka ƙera a Turai wanda aka ƙiyasta shi da farko a 10 t/h. Tsarin broiler ɗinsu na yau da kullun ya ƙunshi kusan kashi 55-60% na alkama, kashi 15-20% na waken soya, kashi 5-8% na sunflower (wani samfurin da ake samu a cikin gida), da ƙarin kitse, ma'adanai, da amino acid. Abincin da alkama ya mamaye yana gabatar da ƙalubalen pellet mai kyau: sitacin alkama yana yin gelatin a zafin jiki mafi girma fiye da sitacin masara, kuma ba tare da cikakken iko kan yanayin tururi da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun kayan aiki ba, juriyar pellet yana raguwa.
Kalubalen
A cikin watanni shida a farkon shekarar 2025, ƙungiyar samar da injin ta tattara matsaloli guda uku da suka haɗa da na'urar da ke aiki a masana'antar:
1. Ragewar PDI.
Binciken inganci na yau da kullun ya nuna raguwar juriyar ƙwayoyin ƙwaya daga kashi 95.5% da aka amince da shi zuwa ƙasa da kashi 91.2% a cikin watan uku na amfani da ƙwaya. Tarin tarar da aka samu a wurin sanyaya abinci da tsarin ciyar da amfanin gona ya ƙaru sosai, wanda hakan ya haifar da koke-koke daga manoma da dama game da ɓarnar abinci da rashin daidaiton shan abinci a layukan ciyar da ƙwaya ta atomatik.
2. Rashin kwanciyar hankali a hanyar da aka bi.
Domin rama raguwar ingancin pellet, masu aiki sun ci gaba da ƙara yawan tururi da kuma daidaita gibin birgima, amma waɗannan hanyoyin sun sa yawan fitarwa ya yi ta juyawa tsakanin 6.2 da 8.8 t/h. Rashin daidaiton yawan samarwa ya rikitar da yawan amfani da makamashi a kowace tan.
3. Saurin Tufafi.
Na'urar zobe ta baya, wadda wani kamfanin kera ta ke bayarwa, ta buƙaci maye gurbinta bayan kimanin sa'o'i 1,800 na aiki - ƙasa da ma'aunin masana'antu na sa'o'i 2,500-3,000 na abincin broiler da aka yi da alkama. Rashin sa a cikin injin ya kasance ba daidai ba, inda aka tattara maki da wuri a yankin zoben ciki.
Wani bincike da aka gudanar tare da manajan samar da masana'antar da kuma wani mai ba da shawara kan fasahar ciyarwa ta waje ya gano cewa yawan ƙarfe da matsi na ƙarfe a matsayin abubuwan da suka fi haifar da hakan. Mashin ɗin da ya gabata ya yi amfani da ƙarfe na chrome mai daidaitaccen matsi wanda bai yi la'akari da halayen gogayya mafi girma na sitaci na alkama da kuma yanayin lalata zaren abincin sunflower ba.
Maganin Hongyang
Abokin ciniki ya tuntuɓi Hongyang Feed Machinery ta hanyar wata sanarwa daga wani mai rarraba kayan aiki na Bulgaria wanda a baya ya samo kayan gyara daga masana'antun China. Bayan duba bayanan tsarin masana'antar, rajistar samarwa, da hotunan suturar mutu, ƙungiyar fasaha ta Hongyang ta gabatar da mafita ta musamman ga mashin zobe:
Bayani dalla-dalla game da Mutuwa:
| Sigogi | Mutuwar da ta gabata | Hongyang HYPM mutu |
|---|---|---|
| Kayan Aiki | Karfe na Chrome na yau da kullun (12% Cr) | Karfe mai yawan ƙarfe mai suna chromium (20% Cr, 2.2% C) |
| Diamita na ciki na mutu | 520 mm | 520 mm (gyara kai tsaye) |
| Faɗi mai tasiri | 180 mm | 180 mm |
| Diamita na rami | 3.5 mm | 3.5 mm |
| Rabon matsi (L/d) | 10.0 (uniform) | 10.5 (an inganta shi don abinci mai tushen alkama) |
| Maganin zafi | Taurarewar injin mai matakai ɗaya | Taurarewar injin tsotsa matakai biyu + maganin cryogenic |
| Taurin saman | 58–60 HRC | 62–64 HRC (core 58–60 HRC) |
| Kammala ramin | An haƙa bindiga ta yau da kullun | An haƙa bindiga + an gyara shi daidai (Ra ≤ 0.8 µm) |
Manyan Masu Bambancin Fasaha:
Injin Hongyang ya nuna ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfin matsewa (10.5 vs. 10.0), wanda aka ƙididdige don inganta gelatinization na sitaci don maganin alkama mai rinjaye ba tare da matsewa da samar da zafi mai yawa ba. Tsarin rage zafin da aka yi amfani da shi - wanda ke nuna mashigar ruwa mai kauri da kuma rage matakan da aka ɗauka a cikin mm 3 na ƙarshe na kowane rami - an ƙera shi ne don samar da saman pellet mai kauri da ƙarfi yayin da yake ci gaba da aiki.
Tsarin taurarewar injin tsotsar ruwa mai matakai biyu, tare da maganin cryogenic mai zurfi a -120°C, ya canza austenite mai riƙewa a cikin matrix na ƙarfe zuwa martensite, wanda ya samar da mafi kyawun rarrabawar carbide iri ɗaya. Wannan hanyar ƙarfe ta magance lalacewar gogewa da zare na abincin sunflower ke haifarwa kai tsaye - wani ɓangaren tsari wanda yake da mahimmanci a tattalin arziki a yankin Bahar Maliya kuma sananne ne ga kayan aikin pelleting.
An yi aikin shigarwa ta hanyar ƙungiyar masu kula da kayan aiki ta cikin gida a lokacin da aka tsara rufewar ƙarshen mako. Motar Hongyang ta maye gurbin na'urar injinan pellet mai girman 520 mm, ba tare da buƙatar gyare-gyare ga firam ɗin injinan pellet, haɗa na'urar birgima, ko tsarin tuƙi ba. Jimlar lokacin shigarwa bai wuce awanni shida ba.
Sakamako
An ƙaddamar da na'urar zoben Hongyang a watan Oktoba na 2025. Bayanan samarwa da aka tattara a cikin watanni huɗu masu zuwa (Oktoba 2025 - Janairu 2026) sun nuna ci gaba mai ma'ana a cikin dukkan manyan alamun aiki:
| Ma'auni | Kafin (Mutuwar da ta gabata) | Bayan (Hongyang HYPM) | Ingantawa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Matsakaicin PDI (%) | 93.5 (raguwa) | 97.5 (barga) | Maki +4.0 |
| Tarar da aka samu a lokacin fitar da mai sanyaya (%) | 6.8% | 2.2% | -68% |
| Ingantaccen aiki mai ƙarfi (t/h) | 6.2–8.8 (mara tabbas) | 8.1–8.6 (barga) | An rage girman yankin da kashi 83% |
| Matsakaicin fitarwa (t/h) | 7.5 | 8.3 | +11% |
| Ƙarfin kuzari na musamman (kWh/t) | 14.2 | 13.1 | -7.7% |
| Rayuwar sabis (awanni) | ~1,800 | ~2,500 (wanda aka haɗa) | +39% |
| Yawan korafin manoma | 2.3/wata | 0.4/wata | -83% |
Kwanciyar Hankali a Ingancin Pellet.Babban sakamako mafi muhimmanci shine daidaiton ingancin pellet a tsawon rayuwar sabis na mashin. Ma'aunin PDI na wata-wata a alamar watanni huɗu ya kasance a kashi 97.3%, ba tare da wata shaida ta yanayin lalacewar matakin farko da aka gani tare da mashin ɗin da ya gabata ba.
Ra'ayoyin Canza Ciyarwa.Uku daga cikin manyan gonakin kwangila sun ba da rahoton ingantaccen rabon canza abinci (FCR) wanda ya kai matsakaicin 1.62–1.64 a cikin watanni huɗu na farko bayan canjin ma'aunin, idan aka kwatanta da 1.66–1.69 a cikin lokacin da ya gabata. Duk da cewa abubuwa da yawa suna tasiri ga FCR, an gano raguwar tarar da ingantaccen ingancin pellet ta hanyar masana abinci mai gina jiki da kuma masu ba da abinci mai gina jiki na gona a matsayin abubuwan da ke ba da gudummawa ga canje-canje.
Kwarewar Mai Aiki.Masu kula da canjin injinan sun bayar da rahoton raguwar buƙatar daidaita gibin da ke tsakanin injinan injin da kuma gyaran bawul ɗin tururi. Ƙanƙantar hanyar da aka yi amfani da ita ta ba da damar yin jadawalin haɗa injinan da ke ƙasa, sanyaya injinan, da kuma fitar da shi.
Ra'ayin Abokin Ciniki
Manajan samarwa a masana'antar Bulgaria ya yi tsokaci game da haɗin gwiwar a cikin wani bita na gaba da aka gudanar a watan Fabrairun 2026:
Da farko mun yi taka tsantsan game da samowa daga wani masana'anta na kasar Sin, idan aka yi la'akari da gogewar da muka samu a baya da masu samar da kayayyaki na gama gari. Bambancin da ke tsakanin Hongyang ya bayyana tun daga makon farko - injin yana aiki cikin sauƙi, ingancin pellet ya fi kyau nan da nan, kuma mafi mahimmanci, ya ci gaba da kasancewa daidai. Takardun fasaha da dalilan ƙayyade na'urar kafin jigilar kaya sun ba mu kwarin gwiwa cewa wannan ba samfurin gama gari ba ne, amma mafita ce ta musamman ga takamaiman tsarinmu.
Tun daga lokacin ne kamfanin injin ya yi odar ƙarin ma'ajiyar zobe guda biyu na Hongyang - ɗaya don injin niƙa pellet ɗinsu na baya da kuma wani kayan gyara na babban layin - kuma yana kimanta harsashin rola na Hongyang don amfani iri ɗaya.
Kammalawa
Wannan shari'ar Bulgaria ta nuna cewa wani ƙarfe mai kyau da aka ƙera da ƙarfe mai dacewa kuma aka ƙera shi bisa ga takamaiman buƙatun tsarin ciyarwa na yanki, zai iya samar da ci gaba mai ma'ana a cikin ingancin pellet, kwanciyar hankali na samarwa, da kuma farashin aiki. Ga Injinan Ciyar da Abinci na Hongyang, haɗin gwiwar ya ƙarfafa ƙimar nazarin fasaha kafin sayarwa da kuma mahimmancin ɗaukar tsarin kowane abokin ciniki a matsayin ƙalubalen injiniya na musamman maimakon siyar da samfura ɗaya mai girma ɗaya.
Yayin da masana'antun abinci na Gabashin Turai ke ci gaba da sabunta ayyukansu da kuma ɗaga ƙa'idodin inganci don yin gogayya a kasuwar EU, ana sa ran buƙatar kayan aikin pellet masu inganci za ta ƙaru - kuma Hongyang tana da matsayi don biyan wannan buƙata ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyin magance bayanai, musamman aikace-aikace.
Kamfanin Hongyang Feed Machinery Co., Ltd. ƙwararre ne wajen kera kayan aikin injinan ƙarfe na zobe, harsashin roller, da kuma injin niƙa pellet don abincin dabbobi, abincin ruwa, da kuma masana'antar biomass. Kamfanin da ke zaune a Liyang, Lardin Jiangsu, China, yana hidimar abokan ciniki a ƙasashe sama da 40 a duk duniya.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuni-16-2026
