Kamfanin Samar da Abinci ga Alade na Jamus Ya Samu Nasarar Samar da Pellet Mai Daidaito 10 TPH Tare da Hongyang SZLH508 Ring Pellet Mill

Takaitaccen Bayani na Babban Jami'i

Wani kamfanin samar da abincin aladu mai matsakaicin girma a Lower Saxony, Jamus, wani yanki da ke samar da kusan kashi 30% na abincin aladu na ƙasar ya ba da izinin yin amfani da injin niƙa na SZLH508 na Hongyang Machinery a farkon 2025 a matsayin wani ɓangare na sabunta layin samarwa. Bayan watanni takwas na ci gaba da aiki, injin niƙa ya ci gaba da fitar da tan 10 na metric a kowace awa (TPH) tare da Pellet Durability Index (PDI) wanda ya wuce kashi 96% akai-akai, yayin da yawan amfani da makamashi ya ragu da kashi 12% idan aka kwatanta da tsarin flat-die na baya. Wannan nazarin shari'ar ya tattara sharuɗɗan zaɓi, tsarin shigarwa, da bayanan aiki daga kwanaki 240 na farko na aiki, yana ba da ma'anar ma'aunin masana'antar abinci ta Turai waɗanda ke kimanta haɓaka fasahar zobe.

1. Yanayin Masana'antu: Samar da Abinci ga Alade na Jamus

Jamus ita ce babbar ƙasar da ke samar da alade a Tarayyar Turai, inda aladu kimanin miliyan 21.2 ke cikin kayansu a watan Nuwamba na 2023 (Statistisches Bundesamt, 2024). Ƙasar tana ƙera sama da tan miliyan 24 na abincin da aka haɗa a kowace shekara, wanda abincin alade ya kai kusan kashi 38% - kimanin tan miliyan 9 (FEFAC, 2024). Lower Saxony da North Rhine-Westphalia sun haɗa kai wajen karɓar fiye da kashi 60% na yawan aladu a ƙasar, wanda hakan ya sa wannan hanyar ta zama yankin da aka fi yawan cin abincin alade a Turai.

Sashen ciyar da abinci mai gina jiki na Jamus yana aiki a ƙarƙashin tsauraran tsare-tsare: Dokar Tsaftar Abinci ta Tarayyar Turai (EC No 183/2005), Dokar Abinci ta Jamus (FuttMV), da tsarin takardar shaida na QS Quality und Sicherheit GmbH. Ingancin pellet da aka auna galibi ta hanyar PDI da kaso na tarar ba wai kawai fifikon kasuwanci bane amma ma'aunin bin ƙa'ida da ke da alaƙa da sakamakon jin daɗin dabbobi da ma'aunin narkewar abinci mai gina jiki.

Masana'antun abinci na Jamus sun daɗe suna samun kayan aikin fesawa daga masana'antun cikin gida da na Turai. Duk da haka, ƙaruwar kuɗaɗen jari da kuma tsawaita lokacin da ake amfani da shi wajen samar da pellets na zobe da aka yi a Turai ya sa wani ɓangare na masu samar da pellet na matsakaicin matsayi ya kimanta wasu hanyoyin Asiya waɗanda za su iya samar da ma'aunin aiki iri ɗaya tare da gajerun tagogi na isar da kaya.

2. Bayanin Abokin Ciniki da Kalubalen Aiki

Abokin ciniki da aka ambata a nan da "Betrieb M" don sirri yana gudanar da wani kamfanin sarrafa abincin alade mai layi ɗaya kusa da Oldenburg a Lower Saxony, yana hidimar gonaki 12 na kammala aikin kwangila da kuma ayyukan gona guda uku da za a yi a cikin radius na kilomita 60. Yawan amfanin da ake samu a kowace shekara kafin haɓakawa ya kai kimanin tan 28,000, wanda ya ƙunshi diamita na pellet shida (2.5 mm zuwa 4.5 mm) a cikin nau'ikan hadawa guda huɗu: farawa, shuka, shuka mai ƙarewa, da shuka mai shayarwa.

Kafin shekarar 2025, Betrieb M ta yi amfani da injinan pellet guda biyu a lokaci guda, kowannensu ya kai TPH 5 amma ba kasafai yake samun fiye da TPH 4.2 a cikin ci gaba da samarwa ba. Manyan ƙalubalen sune:

1. Rashin daidaiton fitarwa: Yawan aiki ya ragu da ± 18% a duk lokacin da aka canza saboda ci gaban lalacewar da aka yi, wanda hakan ya tilasta wa masu aiki su daidaita yawan allurar tururi da saurin ciyarwa. Wani bincike na ciki a kwata na uku na 2024 ya yi rikodin abubuwan da suka faru 62 da ba a shirya ba a cikin kwanaki 90, wanda 41 daga cikinsu sun samo asali ne daga toshewar injin pellet ko tafiye-tafiyen da suka wuce gona da iri a cikin mota.

2. Ingancin pellet mara daidaituwa: An auna ƙimar PDI ta amfani da na'urar gwajin Holmen NHP100 bisa ga ISO 17830 da matsakaicin kashi 92.3% na ƙwayoyin ƙarewa na 3.5 mm, ƙasa da shawarar QS na ¥ 95% don abincin alade. Masanin abinci mai gina jiki na masana'antar ya ba da rahoton cewa an rage yawan abubuwan da ke cikin kwandon shara na gona da kashi 4.8%, wanda ya haifar da halayyar rarraba abinci a cikin aladu masu noma da kuma ƙaruwar rabon canza abinci (FCR) da kashi 1.7% idan aka kwatanta da samfuran pellet da aka gwada kai tsaye a ƙofar niƙa.

3. Ƙarfin kuzariTsarin flat-die ya cinye 18.2 kWh a kowace tan na abincin pellet (an auna shi a babban injin tuƙi), wanda gudanarwa ta yi la'akari da kashi 10-15% sama da ma'aunin masana'antu na tsarin zoben die masu ƙarfin daidai (bayanan ma'aunin samar da abinci mai gina jiki na FEFAC, 2023).

4. Kudin gyara: Matsakaicin lokutan aiki na injinan maye gurbin na'urori masu amfani da na'urori masu aiki da na'urori masu motsi (models) sun kai kimanin awanni 800-1,000, wanda hakan ya kai kimanin canje-canje 10 na injinan aiki a kowace shekara. Kowace canjin aiki tana buƙatar awanni 3.5-4 na lokacin aiki don sanyaya, wargazawa, maye gurbin, da sake daidaita su.

3. Zaɓin Kayan Aiki da Dalilin Fasaha

Betrieb M ta gabatar da buƙatar ƙiyasin farashi (RFQ) a tsakiyar shekarar 2024 ga masu samar da kayan aiki guda shida, uku daga Turai da uku daga Asiya. An auna ma'aunin kimantawa kamar haka: ci gaba da samar da kayayyaki (30%), daidaiton ingancin pellet (25%), ingancin makamashi (20%), jimillar farashin mallakar (15%), da kuma lokacin isarwa/aikin gudanarwa (10%).

An zaɓi SZLH(HYPM)508 na Hongyang Machinery bayan gwajin kwatantawa da aka gudanar a cibiyar gwajin Changzhou da ke Hongyang a watan Satumba na 2024, inda Betrieb M ya aika da tan uku na maganin gamawa (wanda aka yi da masara da waken soya, kashi 14.7% na furotin ɗanyen mai, kashi 3.9% na zare) don gwajin fesawa. SZLH(HYPM)508 ya cimma:

- Matsakaicin fitarwa: 10.3 TPH a cikin sa'o'i 4 ci gaba da gudu (mutu: 4.0 mm 70/70 mm mai tasiri kauri, rabon matsi 1:8.5)

- PDI: 97.1% (Holmen NHP100, gwaji na biyu na 60)

- Amfani da makamashi na musamman: 15.6 kWh/tan a babban tuƙi

SZLH(HYPM)508 injin niƙa ne mai bel wanda ke da diamita na ciki na 508 mm, babban injin 160 kW, da kuma tsarin ciyarwa mai injin biyu. Manyan abubuwan da ke bambanta shi sun haɗa da injin sanyaya bakin ƙarfe mai tsawon riƙewa na mita 2.5 wanda ke ba da daƙiƙa 45-90 na lokacin sanyaya (wanda za a iya daidaitawa ta hanyar kusurwar faifan maɓalli), tsarin ɗagawa na iska wanda ke ba da damar canza injin sarrafa guda ɗaya a cikin ƙasa da mintuna 40, da kuma tsarin shafa man shafawa ta atomatik tare da tazara mai mai da za a iya shiryawa tare da lokutan aiki da tan.

Jimillar maganin da aka shigar ya ƙunshi: injin niƙa mai siffar SZLH(HYPM)508 mai siffar zobe, injin sanyaya injin HYSC-3.0 mai siffar twin-shaft, injin ciyar da HY-FD2000, da kuma wani ɓangaren kula da PLC mai haɗaka tare da sadarwa ta Modbus TCP zuwa tsarin SCADA na masana'antar da ke akwai. An kammala shigarwar a watan Fabrairun 2025 a lokacin da aka tsara lokacin gyara na kwanaki 5, inda Hongyang ta tura injiniyoyi biyu masu aiki don kula da wurin, daidaitawa, da gwajin kaya.

4. Sakamakon Aiki: Janairu-Agusta 2025

Bayan matakin aiwatarwa (kwanaki 30 na farko, tare da ƙaruwar yawan aiki daga TPH 6 zuwa 10), sashen tabbatar da inganci na Betrieb M ya tattara bayanan samarwa na watanni bakwai masu zuwa (Maris-Satumba 2025). Teburin da ke ƙasa ya taƙaita manyan alamun aiki:

Babban ci gaba daga mahangar masanin abinci mai gina jiki shine raguwar tarar da aka samu a lokacin da ake cin abinci. Gwajin ciki na Betrieb M akan wani ma'ajiyar manoma mai nauyin kai 400 (nauyin jiki kilogiram 25-60, tsawon kwanaki 42) ya ba da rahoton FCR na 2.38 tare da ƙwayoyin da aka samar da SZLH508, idan aka kwatanta da 2.44 tare da ƙwayoyin da aka samar a baya yana ba da ci gaba da kashi 2.5%. Duk da yake ya yarda cewa abubuwa da yawa suna tasiri akan FCR a gona, mai gina jiki ya danganta wani ɓangare na wannan ribar da aka auna da rage ɓarnar abinci daga halayyar rarrabawa.

Tanadin makamashi na 2.8 kWh a kowace tan, wanda aka ninka ta hanyar samar da kusan tan 28,000 a kowace shekara, ya samar da kimanin tanadin 78,400 kWh a kowace shekara wanda ya yi daidai da kimanin tan 31 na CO2 a ƙarƙashin ma'aunin fitar da wutar lantarki na Jamus na 2024 na 0.395 kg CO2/kWh (Umweltbundesamt, 2024). A ƙimar wutar lantarki ta masana'antu na kimanin ¬0.18/kWh a Lower Saxony, wannan yana wakiltar raguwar farashi kai tsaye sama da ¬14,000 a kowace shekara.

5. Kwarewar Mai Aiki da Ra'ayoyin Kulawa

Mai kula da gyaran Betrieb M ya ruwaito cewa tsarin ɗagawa na numfashi ya rage lokacin sauya na'urar daga awanni 3.5-4 da suka gabata zuwa kimanin mintuna 35-45, tare da mai aiki ɗaya da mataimaki ɗaya. Tsarin shafa man shafawa na atomatik ya kawar da jadawalin mai na yau da kullun na maki takwas na hannu a kowace na'ura, inda ya maye gurbinsa da duba harsashi sau biyu a mako.

Manajan masana'antar ya lura cewa haɗakar Modbus TCP tare da tsarin SCADA ya samar da ganuwa ta ainihin lokacin wutar lantarki ta mota, yanayin zafi na bearing, matsin lamba na tururi na kwandishan, da sigogin zafin jiki na mutu waɗanda a da ake sa ido a kansu ne kawai ta hanyar karanta hannu lokaci-lokaci. Wannan kwararar bayanai ta ba wa ƙungiyar QA damar daidaita canjin ingancin pellet tare da takamaiman bambance-bambancen tsari, yana rage lokacin nazarin tushen-sakamako na abubuwan da suka faru daga kimanin awanni biyu zuwa mintuna 15.

An gano fannoni biyu da za a inganta nan gaba: na farko, abokin ciniki ya nemi wani nau'in tuƙin haɗin kai tsaye (a maimakon tuƙin bel) don yuwuwar faɗaɗa layi na biyu, yana mai ambaton ƙaruwar ingancin gefe a watsa bel; na biyu, an fara saita harshen mahaɗin mai aiki zuwa Mandarin, wanda ke buƙatar tallafin nesa na Hongyang ya canza zuwa Turanci. Tun daga lokacin Hongyang ta sabunta firmware na HMI zuwa tsoho zuwa Turanci don tura Turai.

6. Kammalawa

Tsarin Betrieb M ya nuna cewa injin niƙa na zamani daga masana'antar Asiya zai iya biyan buƙatun samarwa, ingancin pellet, da aminci na samar da abincin Jamusawa idan aka ƙayyade kayan aikin yadda ya kamata don tsari da yanayin aiki. Manyan abubuwan da suka sa aka samu nasara sun haɗa da gwajin pellet kafin siyan tare da abincin abokin ciniki, cikakken tallafin aiki a wurin, da kuma tsarin PLC wanda ya dace da sarrafa kansa na masana'antar da ke akwai.

Ga masu matsakaicin matsayi a masana'antar ciyar da abinci ta Turai da ke fuskantar ƙarancin ƙarfin aiki ko kuma tsufan kadarorin pellet, jerin HYPM na Hongyang yana wakiltar hanyar zamani mai inganci tare da bayanan aiki da aka rubuta yanzu ana samun su daga shafin bincike na Jamus. Bayanan watanni 8 da aka gabatar a nan yayin da aka iyakance su idan aka kwatanta da kimantawa na shekaru da yawa sun ƙunshi isassun lokutan aiki don samar da tushe mai ma'ana ga kwanciyar hankali na PDI, amfani da makamashi, da nauyin kulawa.

Kamfanin Hongyang Machinery yana ci gaba da tattara bayanai daga wannan shigarwar a kowane lokaci na kwata-kwata kuma zai buga sabbin binciken da aka yi yayin da kayan aikin ke tara ƙarin shekaru na sabis.