Samar da Pellet na Agwagwa Mai Tsabta a Indiya: Yadda Masana'antar Abinci ta West Bengal Ta Samu Inganci Mai Daidaito Tare da Masana'antar Pellet ta Hongyang Ring Die

Samar da Pellet na Agwagwa Mai Tsabta a Indiya: Yadda Masana'antar Abinci ta West Bengal Ta Samu Inganci Mai Daidaito Tare da Masana'antar Pellet ta Hongyang Ring Die

Takaitaccen Bayani na Babban Jami'i

Sashen kiwon kaji na Indiya, wanda darajarsa ta kai INR 955.3 biliyan a shekarar 2024 kuma ya karu a CAGR na 3.23% (IMARC Group, 2025), ya kasance yana fuskantar zamani cikin sauri. Duk da cewa sassan kaji da na layer sun mamaye tattaunawar ƙasa, kiwon agwagi yana wakiltar wani muhimmin yanki amma ba a ba shi kulawa sosai ba. Indiya gida ce ga kimanin agwagi miliyan 33, waɗanda aka fi mayar da hankali a kansu a Yammacin Bengal, Kerala, Assam, da Odisha, inda kiwon agwagi yake da mahimmanci ga rayuwar karkara da al'adun abinci na yanki.

A farkon shekarar 2025, wani kamfanin samar da abincin agwagwa mai matsakaicin matsakaici a gundumar Nadia ta West Bengal ya haɗu da Liyang Hongyang Feed Machinery Co., Ltd. don haɓaka layin fesawa. Aikin ya dogara ne akan injin niƙa pellet da aka ƙera a cikin gida wanda ke fama da matsaloli na yau da kullun: taurin pellet mara daidaituwa, tarar da ta wuce kima (8-12%), da maye gurbin die a kowace tan 400-500. Bayan shigar da injin niƙa pellet na Hongyang HYPM series da injin niƙa zobe na musamman, wurin ya sami ingantaccen fitarwa na tan 5 a kowace awa (TPH), ma'aunin juriya na pellet (PDI) ya wuce 98.5%, da kuma tsawon rayuwar sabis na zobe na metric tan 3,000 a kowace die. Wannan labarin ya bincika yadda fasahar da tallafin injiniya na zobe na Hongyang suka canza kwanciyar hankali na aikin da ingancin ciyarwa.

Damar Ciyar da Agwagwa ta Indiya

Indiya ta samar da tan miliyan 57.729 na abincin da aka haɗa a shekarar 2025, inda ta zo ta huɗu a duniya da ƙaruwar kashi 4.5% a shekara bayan shekara (Alltech Agri-Food Outlook, 2026). Kaza kaɗai ta samar da kusan kashi 45% na tallace-tallacen abincin da aka haɗa a Indiya, wanda aka yi shi ta hanyar ayyukan kaji da na layer (Mordor Intelligence, 2025). An kiyasta kasuwar niƙan pellet na abincin dabbobi ta Indiya ta kai dala miliyan 150, tana ƙaruwa da kashi 6.8% na CAGR, tare da injunan pellet na zobe waɗanda ke wakiltar babban ɓangaren da ya kai dala miliyan 600 a duk duniya (Strategic Revenue Insights, 2025).

Noman agwagwa yana da matsayi na musamman a cikin wannan yanayin. Ba kamar yadda ake noma naman kaza da kuma nama ba, abincin agwagwa yana buƙatar halaye na abinci mai gina jiki da na zahiri. Tsarin ciyar da agwagwa yawanci ya haɗa da yawan zare daga bran shinkafa da alkama, matsakaicin matakin furotin (16-18% na furotin na ɗanyen agwagwa ga girma), da kuma kewayon diamita na pellet na 3-5 mm ya danganta da shekarun tsuntsaye. Yammacin Bengal kaɗai ya ƙunshi sama da kashi 40% na yawan agwagwa a Indiya, wanda ke haifar da buƙatar ƙwarewa ta musamman wajen kera abinci.

Kalubalen Samarwa

Cibiyar West Bengal tana da layin bututun pellet mai karfin TPH 5 wanda ke aiki ga kimanin manoman agwagwa 120 a yankuna uku. Kafin haɓakawa, aikin ya fuskanci ƙalubale guda uku masu alaƙa:

Ingancin Pellet mara daidaituwa. Mashin zoben da ke akwai, wanda aka samo daga wani mai samar da kayayyaki na cikin gida, ya nuna rashin daidaituwar lalacewar ramuka bayan kimanin tan 400 na fitarwa. Wannan ya haifar da bambancin diamita na pellet ya wuce mm 0.5 daga ƙayyadaddun abubuwan da aka nufa, wanda ke shafar daidaiton abincin da ake ci a tsakanin yawan tsuntsaye. Yawan abincin da aka gama a cikin abincin da aka gama yawanci ya wuce kashi 8%, tare da ma'aunin kololuwa ya kai kashi 12% a lokacin watannin damina mai zafi - wani mummunan gazawar inganci ga abincin tsuntsayen ruwa, inda ƙarfin bulb da daidaiton ruwa ke da mahimmanci ga halayen ciyar da agwagi.

Rayuwar Sabis Mai Rahusa. Cibiyar tana shan na'urorin aunawa guda 8-10 a kowace shekara, a matsakaicin farashin maye gurbinsu na kimanin INR 85,000 (USD 1,020) a kowace na'urar aunawa. Sauye-sauyen na'urorin aunawa akai-akai suna haifar da raguwar lokacin aiki na awanni 4-6 a kowace zagayen maye gurbin, wanda ke nufin kusan awanni 40-50 na asarar samarwa a kowace shekara.

Rashin Ingantaccen Tallafin Fasaha. Lokacin da matsalolin samarwa suka taso - musamman a lokacin daidaitawar yanayi tsakanin lokacin bazara da kuma lokacin damina - mai samar da kayayyaki na baya bai bayar da tallafin bincike daga nesa ko a wurin ba. Manajan samar da injin ya bayyana lamarin a matsayin "mai aiki a makance," ba tare da wata hanyar da ta dace da daidaita matsi, tsarin ramin da ba a iya gani ba, da kuma halayen kayan.

Maganin Hongyang

Tawagar injiniya ta Hongyang ta gudanar da cikakken kimantawa a wurin a watan Nuwamba na 2024 kafin ta gabatar da mafita. Binciken ya shafi rarrabawar girman barbashi, yanayin danshi na yau da kullun (12-14% a cikin cakuda tushen abinci na masara da waken soya, wanda ke ƙaruwa zuwa 15-16% a lokacin damina), da kuma ma'aunin samar da kayayyaki da aka yi niyya.

Tsarin Zobe na Mutu

Dangane da tsarin ciyar da agwagwa na cibiyar - wanda ya haɗa da kashi 45% na masara, kashi 20% na waken soya, kashi 15% na shinkafa, kashi 10% na alkama, da kashi 10% na kayan haɗin da ma'adanai, tare da diamita na pellet na 3.5 mm ga agwagwa masu noma - Hongyang ya ba da shawarar yin amfani da zoben ƙarfe mai ƙarfe mai ƙarfe tare da:

- Ingancin rabon matsi (L/D) na 8.5:1, wanda aka daidaita don matsakaicin abun ciki na zare da kuma matsakaicin haɗa mai (2-3%) na abincin manoman agwagwa. Injiniyoyin Hongyang sun bayyana cewa yayin da abincin naman agwagwa yawanci yana amfani da rabon matsi na 7:1 zuwa 9:1, abincin agwagwa yana amfana daga ƙarshen wannan kewayon saboda yawan ƙwayar zare, wanda ke buƙatar ƙarin matsi don cimma isasshen ɗaurewar ƙwayoyin pellet.
- Tsarin ramin da aka inganta don rarraba abinci iri ɗaya a faɗin fuskar mashin, wanda ke rage lalacewa ta gida wanda ya haifar da gazawar mashin na gaba da wuri.
- Maganin zafi na injin tsotsa wanda ke haifar da taurin saman HRC 58-62, wanda ke tabbatar da juriyar lalacewa ga yanayin aiki na wurare masu zafi na Indiya.

Haɗin HYPM Pellet Mill

Injin niƙa na HYPM508 mai zobe ya maye gurbin na'urar da ke akwai da tsarin tuƙin gearbox mai haɗin kai tsaye wanda aka kimanta a 132 kW. An tsara injin niƙa na pellet - ƙirar shaft biyu tare da ikon riƙewa na daƙiƙa 180 - don kiyaye zafin da aka matse a 80-85°C, wanda ya isa ga gelatinization na sitaci ba tare da haɗarin lalacewar bitamin mai saurin zafi ba. Tsarin tururi yana da mahimmanci ga ciyar da agwagwa: isasshen gelatin yana inganta daidaiton ruwan pellet, ma'auni wanda ke da mahimmanci ga ciyar da agwagwa a cikin yanayin da ba shi da ruwa.

Tawagar Hongyang ta kuma samar da harsashin rola guda biyu masu dacewa tare da mashin zobe, wanda aka ƙera bisa ga jurewar daidaito a cikin 0.05 mm, wanda ke tabbatar da rarraba matsin lamba iri ɗaya a kan fuskar mashin yayin aiki.

Tallafin Shigarwa da Kwamiti

Wani injiniyan hidima na Hongyang ya yi kwana biyar a wurin a watan Janairun 2025 don kula da shigarwa, tabbatar da daidaito, da kuma horar da masu aiki. Tsarin aikin ya haɗa da:
- Tsarin karyawa ta hanyar amfani da cakuda waken soya mai yawan mai (4%) na tsawon awanni huɗu na farko
- Daidaita sa ido kan amperage na ainihin lokaci
- Horarwa kan daidaita gibin birgima a 0.2-0.3 mm
- Takardun bayanan samarwa don bin diddigin lalacewar mutu da yanayin PDI

Sakamako: Samarwa Mai Inganci da Ingancin Ciyarwa Mai Kyau

Bayan watanni shida bayan shigarwa, bayanan samarwa na cibiyar suna nuna ci gaba mai ma'ana a duk manyan alamun aiki:

| Sigogi | Kafin (Mutuwar Gida) | Bayan (Mutuwar Hongyang) | Ingantawa |
|———–|————————-|—————————|—————-|
| Matsakaicin Fitarwa | 3.8-4.2 TPH | 5.0-5.2 TPH | +22% |
| Fihirisar Dorewa ta Pellet (PDI) | 88-92% | 98.2-98.6% | + maki 8 cikin ɗari |
| Abubuwan da ke cikin Tara | 8-12% | 1.2-1.8% | -85% |
| Rayuwar Sabis ta Ring Die | 400-500 MT | 3,100 MT da ƙidaya | +540% |
| Kudin Sauya Mota/Shekara | INR 765,000 | INR 85,000 (wanda aka kiyasta) | -89% |
| Lokacin Rashin Aiki na Shekara-shekara daga Canje-canjen Mutuwa | Awowi 40-50 | ~Awowi 8 (an kiyasta) | -82% |

Bayanan da aka tattara daga rajistar samarwa na Afrilu-Mayu 2026. An auna PDI bisa ga ma'aunin ASAE S269.4.

Babban sakamakon aiki shine daidaiton samarwa. Manajan samarwa na cibiyar ya ba da rahoton cewa: "Kafin haɓakawa, kowane canjin dia yana nufin sake daidaita gibin na'urori, daidaita matsin lamba na tururi, da kuma rasa rabin canji zuwa inganci. Tare da dia na Hongyang, muna shigar da shi, muna bin tsarin karyawa, kuma injin yana aiki daidai gwargwado daga sa'a ta shida zuwa gaba. Wannan hasashen kaɗai ya cancanci saka hannun jari."

Daidaiton ingancin abinci ya haifar da fa'ida mai kyau. Manoman kwangilar masana'antar sun ba da rahoton ingantaccen rabon canza abincin (FCR) a cikin garken agwagwansu - daga kimanin 3.2:1 zuwa 3.0:1 - wanda aka danganta da raguwar tarar da ƙarin girman bawon, wanda ya rage ɗabi'ar rarrabawa da ɓarnar abinci a cikin tsarin ciyar da agwagwa bisa tafkin da aka saba da shi a noman agwagwa na West Bengal.

Kammalawa

Wannan shari'ar ta nuna cewa daidaiton ingancin pellet a cikin samar da abincin agwagwa ba wai kawai yana da alaƙa da tsari ba ne - ya dogara ne da injiniyan zobe, zaɓin rabon matsi, da kuma daidaiton hanyar haɗin die-roller. Hanyar haɗin Hongyang - haɗa nazarin abincin da ke wurin, tsarin dice na musamman, harsashin naɗawa da suka dace, da tallafin aiki - ta ba wa injin niƙa na ciyar da agwagwa na Indiya matsakaicin sikelin kawar da matsalar samar da shi yayin da yake rage farashin dice na kowace tan da kusan kashi 90%.

Ga masu samar da abinci da ke aiki a sassan kaji na musamman inda ingancin jikin pellet ke shafar aikin dabbobi kai tsaye, darasin a bayyane yake: zaɓin zobe na manne ba shawara ce ta siyan kayayyaki ba. Haɗin gwiwa ne na injiniya wanda ke tantance ko layin pellet yana aiki a takamaiman takamaiman ko kuma koyaushe bai yi aiki yadda ya kamata ba.

Nassoshi
- Ƙungiyar IMARC. "Girman Kasuwar Ciyar da Kaji ta Indiya, Ci Gaba da Hasashenta na 2033." 2025. https://www.imarcgroup.com/india-poultry-feed-market
- Alltech. "Hasashen Abinci na Noma na 2026." Afrilu 2026. https://www.alltech.com/agri-food-outlook/results
- Fahimtar Kuɗin Shiga Na Dabaru. "Girman Kasuwar Masana'antar Pellet ta Abinci da Dabbobi, Ci Gaban Nan Gaba da Hasashen 2033." Fabrairu 2025. https://www.strategicrevenueinsights.com/industry/animal-feed-pellet-mills-market
- Mordor Intelligence. "Rahoton Kasuwar Ciyar da Kayan Abinci ta Indiya." 2025. https://www.mordorlabs.com/industry-reports/india-compound-feed-market
- Baidu Baike. "环模压缩比 (Ring Die Compression Ratio)." https://baike.baidu.com/item/环模压缩比/1810146