Takaitaccen Bayani na Babban Jami'i
Lokacin da babban mai samar da abincin kifi a Yankin X na Chile ya fuskanci raguwar daidaiton ruwan pellet wanda ke barazana ga rabon canza abincin a gonakin abokan cinikinsa, kamfanin ya koma ga Liyang Hongyang Feed Machinery Co., Ltd. don samar da maganin zobe. Sakamakon: daidaiton ruwa ya inganta daga kashi 84% zuwa kashi 92%, asarar abinci ta shekara-shekara ta ragu da kimanin tan 1,200 na metric, kuma yawan amfani da makamashin layin samarwa ya ragu da kashi 12%. Wannan binciken ya yi nazari kan ƙalubalen fasaha, mafita ta musamman ta Hongyang, da sakamakon da za a iya ƙididdigewa waɗanda tun daga lokacin suka sanya mai samar da abinci na Chile ya zama wurin da ake amfani da shi don inganta pellet ɗin aquafeed a Latin Amurka.
1. Yanayin Ciyar da Kifin Salmon na Chile
Chile ita ce ƙasa ta biyu mafi girma a duniya bayan Norway, inda ake samun amfanin gona na shekara-shekara tsakanin tan 700,000 zuwa 800,000 na kifin salmon. Masana'antar noman kifi ta ƙasar, wacce ta mayar da hankali kan Yankuna X, XI, da XII a gefen tekun Patagonian, tana buƙatar kimanin tan 1.1 zuwa 1.3 na abincin da aka ƙera kowace shekara, wanda hakan ya sa Chile ta zama kasuwa mafi daraja a kowace tan 25 a Latin Amurka, wanda ya kai kashi 20 cikin 100 na darajar abincin kifi a yankin.
Tsarin abincin kifin salmon yana da matuƙar wahala. Ba kamar abincin da ake ci a ruwan dumi ba, abincin kifin salmon yana ɗauke da sinadarin lipid 28 da 38% kuma yana buƙatar ƙwayoyin da za su iya jure wa nutsewa a cikin ruwan teku mai sanyi (8 14°C) na tsawon lokaci ba tare da ya lalace ba. Rashin daidaiton ruwa yana haifar da zubar da sinadarai masu gina jiki, nutsewar abincin da ba a ci ba zuwa ga ƙasan teku, da kuma ƙaruwar rabon canza abinci (FCR) waɗanda duk ke shafar ribar gonaki da kuma bin ƙa'idodin muhalli.
Abokin ciniki, wanda aka kafa a matsayin mai samar da abinci mai inganci wanda ke da ƙarfin samar da tan 180,000 na shekara-shekara, yana aiki da layukan pellet guda uku da ke hidimar noman salmon da kuma manoma na wasu ƙasashe a kudancin Chile. Kamfanin yana fuskantar raguwar juriyar pellet da daidaiton ruwa daga tsohon layinsa, wanda aka sanye shi da injinan pellet na zobe da aka ƙera a Turai waɗanda suka tara sama da sa'o'i 40,000 na aiki.
2. Kalubalen Fasaha: Daidaiton Ruwa a Ƙasa da Ƙofar Ruwa
Ana auna daidaiton ruwa a abincin salmon yawanci yayin da ake auna kashi na busassun abu da aka riƙe bayan an nutsar da ƙwayoyin a cikin ruwa na wani lokaci da aka ƙayyade. Ma'aunin masana'antu don abincin salmon mai inganci yana buƙatar daidaiton ruwa na akalla 88 90% bayan mintuna 30 na nutsewa. Tsarin tsufa na abokin ciniki yana isar da kashi 82 84% ƙasa da matakin gasa da manoman salmon na Chile ke buƙata.
Binciken asalin dalilin ya gano abubuwa uku masu alaƙa da juna:
- *Sauƙin Zobe da Lalacewar Tsarin Halitta. Bayan shekaru da yawa na aiki, na'urorin ƙarfe na zobe da ke akwai sun nuna lalacewar ramuka, rarrabawar rabon matsi mara daidaito a fuskar na'urar, da kuma rage ingantaccen rabon L/D (tsawo zuwa diamita) a cikin tashar na'urar ƙura. Waɗannan canje-canje na geometric sun haifar da rashin daidaiton yawan pellet kuma sun lalata daidaiton zahiri na pellets da aka gama.
- *Tura Mai Daidaita Tsarin Tururi. Na'urar sanyaya daki da ke akwai tana isar da rarraba danshi mara daidaito, tare da canjin zafin jiki na ±6°C yayin gudanar da samarwa. Ingantaccen tsarin sanyaya daki yana buƙatar yanayin zafi mai ɗorewa na 80 95°C tare da kiyaye danshi a 16 19% kafin shigar da shi. Sauye-sauyen suna haifar da gelatinization na sitaci kaɗan, wanda ke raunana ƙarfin ɗaure pellet kai tsaye.
- *Rashin Ingantaccen Makamashi. Tsarin tsufa na tuƙi yana cinye kimanin 14.5 kWh a kowace tan na abinci mai gina jiki da aka gama, kusan 15.18% sama da ma'aunin inganci na injinan pellet na zamani a cikin kewayon wutar lantarki mai ƙarfin 160 200 kW.
Abokin ciniki ya tantance masu samar da kayan aiki da dama a faɗin Turai da Asiya kafin ya fara tattaunawa da ƙungiyar fasaha ta Hongyang.
3. Maganin Hongyang: Injin pellet na musamman na SZLH Zoben Die
Hongyang ta tura wata babbar tawagar injiniya zuwa cibiyar abokin ciniki da ke Puerto Montt don yin cikakken kimantawa a wurin. Cikin kwanaki biyar, tawagar ta gudanar da gwajin juriyar pellet (PDI), ta yi nazarin bayanan samarwa na tarihi, sannan ta zana taswirar yadda tsarin yake gudana. Kimantawar ta samar da cikakken shawarar gyarawa wacce ta mayar da hankali kan injin din pellet na SZLH tare da wadannan bayanai:
Abubuwa uku na mafita ta Hongyang sun cancanci kulawa ta musamman:
- * Tsarin Rabon Matsi na Musamman. Abincin kifin salmon yana buƙatar rabon matsi mai yawa fiye da abincin dabbobi saboda yawan kitse da kuma buƙatar ƙwayoyin da ba su da ruwa. Ƙungiyar injiniya ta Hongyang ta ƙididdige mafi kyawun rabon matsi na 1:12 bisa ga takamaiman tsari na abokin ciniki wanda ya haɗa da kusan kashi 32% na abincin kifi, kashi 18% na waken soya, kashi 22% na man kifi, da kashi 12% na garin alkama a matsayin abin ɗaurewa don tabbatar da isasshen matsin lamba na gelatin ba tare da matsewa da lalata abubuwan gina jiki masu saurin kamuwa da zafi ba.
- *Bambancin Shaft Mai Sau Biyu. Na'urar kwandishan mai shaft mai zaman kanta tare da sarrafa gudu mai zaman kanta ta ba da damar sarrafa lokacin riƙewa da ƙarfin haɗuwa daidai. Wannan ƙirar ta tabbatar da shigar da danshi iri ɗaya da kuma haɗa sitaci a duk faɗin mashin ɗin abinci kafin shigar da shi, kai tsaye tana magance yanayin da bai dace ba wanda ya addabi tsohon layin. Daidaiton zafin jiki yayin samarwa ya inganta zuwa ± 2°C.
- *Ƙarfe Mai Tauri Zoben Ƙarfe Mai Tauri. Hongyang ya ƙayyade ƙarfe na ƙarfe mai tauri mai ƙarfi zuwa HRC 58 60 don murfin zoben, wanda ke ba da juriya mai kyau ga yanayin lalata na ƙirar kifin mai yawan toka. An goge yanayin ramin da aka saka zuwa ga ƙaiƙayin saman Ra 0.8 μm, yana rage gogayya yayin fitar da iska da kuma ba da gudummawa ga ribar ingantaccen makamashi.
4. Aiwatarwa da Sakamako
An kammala shigarwar a lokacin da aka tsara kwanaki 12 na gyaran. Tawagar kwamitocin Hongyang ta ci gaba da aiki na ƙarin kwanaki bakwai don gudanar da gwaje-gwajen samarwa, inganta sigogin aiki, da kuma horar da masu aiki a canjin aiki na abokin ciniki.
Bayan watanni shida na ci gaba da aiki, abokin ciniki ya sami sakamako masu zuwa:
Daidaiton Ruwa (minti 30): Kafin (Tsohon Layi) = 84%, Bayan (Hongyang SZLH) = 92%, Ingantawa = + maki 8%
Fihirisar Dorewa ta Pellet (PDI): Kafin (Tsohon Layi) = 91.5%, Bayan (Hongyang SZLH) = 96.8%, Ingantawa = + maki kashi 5.3
Tsarin Samarwa: Kafin (Tsohon Layi) = 7.5 t/h, Bayan (Hongyang SZLH) = 10.2 t/h, Ingantawa = + 36%
Amfani da Makamashi na Musamman: Kafin (Tsohon Layi) = 14.5 kWh/t, Bayan (Hongyang SZLH) = 12.8 kWh/t, Ingantawa = -12%
Rayuwar Sabis na Zobe: Kafin (Tsohon Layi) = ~ awanni 8,000, Bayan (Hongyang SZLH) = ~ awanni 12,000 (an yi hasashen), Ingantawa = + 50%
Abubuwan da ke cikin ƙaranci (bayan sanyaya): Kafin (Tsohon Layi) = 3.5%, Bayan (Hongyang SZLH) = 1.2%, Ingantawa = -66%
Ci gaban kashi 8 cikin ɗari na daidaiton ruwa ya haifar da kimanin tan 1,200 na abinci da aka adana kowace shekara a cikin abincin kifin salmon na abokin ciniki wanda da ba haka ba zai wargaje a cikin ruwan teku kafin a ci shi. A farashin abincin kifin salmon na Chile, matsakaicin kusan dala 1,400 a kowace tan metrik, wannan yana wakiltar kusan dala miliyan 1.68 a cikin gujewa farashin abinci na shekara-shekara.
Rage kashi 12% na takamaiman amfani da makamashi, tare da karuwar kashi 36% na yawan amfani da makamashi, ya samar da hasashen lokacin biyan diyya na ƙasa da watanni 14 don jarin jari.
5. Tsarin Sabis na Hongyang
Bayan kayan aikin, abokin ciniki ya ambaci tallafin fasaha na Hongyang a matsayin muhimmin abu ga nasarar aikin. Manyan abubuwan da suka shafi hidimar sun haɗa da:
- Binciken Tsarin Shigarwa Kafin Shigarwa. Kimantawar kwanaki biyar a wurin aiki ta bai wa abokin ciniki cikakken bayani game da aikin layin da ke akwai, wanda ke ba da damar yin hasashen ROI daidai kafin kowane alƙawarin siye.
- Shirin Horar da Masu Aiki. Hongyang ta gudanar da cikakken horo na aiki guda uku na masu aiki da hannu wanda ya shafi hanyoyin canza na'urar, inganta sigogin kwandishan, da kuma tsara lokacin kulawa ta rigakafi.
- Tallafin Gano Cututtukan Nesa. Shigar da SZLH ya haɗa da haɗa na'urori masu auna firikwensin don sa ido daga nesa na yanayin zafi na ɗaukar hoto, sa hannun girgiza, da nauyin mota, wanda hakan ya ba ƙungiyar injiniya ta Hongyang da ke China damar bayar da shawarwari kan kulawa.
- Shawarar Sanya Kayan Kaya. Hongyang ta samar da jerin kayan kaya na musamman da aka daidaita shi da yawan kayan da abokin ciniki ke samarwa, yana tabbatar da cewa kayan da ke da mahimmanci (masu amfani da zobe, harsashin nadi, bearings) koyaushe suna samuwa a wurin ba tare da tsadar farashin kaya ba.
6. Kammalawa
Kwarewar mai samar da abincin salmon na Chilean ya nuna cewa fasahar niƙa pellet na zobe idan aka ƙayyade ta yadda ya kamata, aka keɓance ta da tsarin, kuma aka tallafa ta da ayyukan injiniya masu ƙwarewa na iya samar da ingantattun ci gaba a cikin ingancin abincin ruwa, ingancin samarwa, da farashin aiki. Haɗin Hongyang na ƙirar rabon matsi na musamman, daidaita daidaito, da kuma ƙarfe mai jure lalacewa ya magance takamaiman ƙalubalen pellet na abincin salmon mai yawan kitse wanda kayan aikin abokin ciniki na baya ba su iya magancewa ba.
Ga masu samar da abinci waɗanda ke neman haɓaka aikin pellet ba tare da cikakken ƙarfin babban jari na maye gurbin cikakken layi ba, tsarin gyaran injin pellet na SZLH yana ba da hanya mai amfani don inganta daidaiton ruwa, haɓaka yawan amfani da makamashi, da rage yawan amfani da makamashi.
- Wannan binciken ya dogara ne akan ainihin bayanan samarwa da aka tattara daga wurin abokin ciniki tsakanin Janairu da Yuni 2026. An tattara cikakkun bayanai game da kamfani da wurin da yake bisa buƙatar abokin ciniki.
- Kamfanin Liyang Hongyang Feed Machinery Co., Ltd. ƙwararre ne wajen kera na'urorin sarrafa zobe, injinan pellet, injinan hammer, injinan haɗa abinci, injinan sanyaya abinci, da kuma cikakken layin samar da abinci. Kamfanin da ke da hedikwata a Liyang, Jiangsu, China, ya yi wa masu samar da abinci sama da 2,000 hidima a ƙasashe sama da 60 tun lokacin da aka kafa shi.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuni-03-2026
