Takaitaccen Bayani na Babban Jami'i
A cikin kasuwar broiler mai gasa inda abincin da ake ciyarwa ya kai kimanin kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na abincin da ake ciyarwa.Kashi 70% na jimillar kuɗin da ake kashewa wajen samarwaIngancin pellet ba abu ne mai kyau ba a fannin fasaha — wani abu ne da ke da alaƙa da bambancin ra'ayi. Lokacin da wani kamfanin yin burodi na kasuwanci a lardin Gabashin Mashonaland, Zimbabwe, ya gano cewa injinsa mai shekaru goma yana samar da ƙananan pellets masu rugujewa waɗanda ke lalata aikin garken kuma suna ƙara yawan kuɗin wutar lantarki, shugabannin gonar sun ɗauki wani mataki mai mahimmanci: maye gurbin kayan aikin tsufa da injin niƙa pellet na zamani dagaLiyang Hongyang Feed Machinery Co., Ltd.Sakamakon ya kasanceInganta maki 12 cikin ɗaria cikin Pellet Durability Index (PDI), raguwar da za a iya aunawa a cikin Ratio Conversion Conversion Ratio (FCR), da kumaRage amfani da makamashi da kashi 13%a kowace tan na abincin da aka samar. Wannan nazarin ya yi nazari kan fannoni na fasaha da tattalin arziki na gyaran.
Yanayin Abincin Broiler na Zimbabwe
A cewar bayanan Hukumar Aikin Gona ta Ƙasashen Waje ta USDA, fannin kaji na Zimbabwe ya samar da kimanin tan 65,000 na naman kaji a shekarar 2022, inda samar da kaji ke da kaso mafi girma. Abincin kaji yana wakiltar sama da kashi 70% na jimillar abincin da masana'antu ke ci a ƙasar. Ƙungiyar Kaji ta Zimbabwe ta rubuta wani sauyi daga noma a bayan gida zuwa ayyukan kasuwanci masu zurfi. Wannan sauyi yana ƙara wa ingancin abinci ƙarfi: a cikin tsarin ciyar da kaji ta atomatik wanda yanzu ya zama ruwan dare a gidajen kaji na Zimbabwe, kaji dole ne su jure wa jigilar kayan abinci ta hanyar injina ba tare da lalacewa ba. Tarar kuɗi - ƙurar da ke haifar da lalacewar kaji - yana sa tsuntsaye su zaɓi manyan guntu, wanda ke haifar da rarrabuwar sinadaran abinci, ƙaruwar ɓarnar abinci, da kuma kumburin numfashi daga ƙurar iska.
Ga gonar Mashonaland East, matsalar ta bayyana. Masana'antar pellet ɗinta mai tsufa, wacce aka saya don ƙananan masana'antu, tana fama da wahalar isar da pellet ɗin da suka dace da faɗaɗa ƙarfin tsuntsaye 80,000 na gonar. Gwaje-gwajen PDI da aka gudanar tare da haɗin gwiwar wani dakin gwaje-gwaje na abinci na yanki sun nuna matsakaicin kashi 82% - ƙasa da kashi 90% da aka yi la'akari da shi a matsayin mafi ƙarancin aiki ga masu yin broiler na kasuwanci. Tarar ta wuce kashi 12% a cikin jakunkunan ciyarwa da aka gama.
"Ana ganin ɓarnar abinci kowace rana," in ji manajan samar da amfanin gona daga baya. "Za ka iya share tarar da aka ci a ƙasan kowane gida. Wannan abincin da ka riga ka biya, za a yi ɓarna."
Shari'ar Fasaha ta Fasahar Zobe Die
Babban iyakancewar injinan pellet masu lebur yana cikin tsarin injinansu. A cikin tsarin die mai lebur, rollers suna juyawa akan farantin die mai kwance; yankin matsi yana iyakance ga yankin da aka haɗa na rollers da die, kuma rarraba kayan ba shi da daidaito. Yayin da lalacewar die ke ci gaba - ba makawa tare da abincin masarar Zimbabwe mai lalata - daidaiton pellet yana raguwa da sauri.
Masana'antar pellet ɗin zobe suna magance waɗannan ƙuntatawa ta hanyar ƙira daban-daban. A cikin jerin SZLH na Liyang Hongyang, zoben die yana juyawa a kusa da na'urori masu juyawa marasa motsi ko masu juyawa a kan madaidaiciyar axis. Ana ciyar da kayan zuwa wurin nip tsakanin na'urar birgima da na'urar birgima sannan a tilasta su fita ta cikin ramukan die a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba iri ɗaya. Yankin matsi mai aiki ya fi girma a kowane juyawa, kuma ƙarfin centrifugal yana taimakawa wajen rarraba kayan, yana ba da damar daidaiton yawan pellet a duk saman die.
| Sigogi | Tsohon Injin Niƙa Mai Faɗi | Mace Zoben Hongyang SZLH |
|---|---|---|
| Fihirisar Dorewa ta Pellet (PDI) | Kashi 82% | Kashi 94% |
| Tara a cikin Ciyarwar da aka Gama | >12% | <5% |
| Amfani da Makamashi (kWh/ton) | ~22 | ~19.1 |
| Tsarin shigarwa (TPH) | 1.2 | 4.0 |
Waɗannan alkaluman sun yi daidai da ma'aunin masana'antu. Binciken da aka buga a cikinSabunta Fasahar Ciyarwa(2023) da ka'idojin gwaji na ASABE Standard S269.4 sun tabbatar da cewa tsarin zoben die yawanci ya fi tsarin flat die kyau da kashi 10-15% a cikin ingancin makamashi da kuma kashi 8-15% a cikin PDI don aikace-aikacen ciyar da broiler.
Hanyar Liyang Hongyang
Abin da ya bambanta aikin Liyang Hongyang shine tsarin injiniyan kamfanin. Ana ƙera injinan pellet na SZLH da zoben ƙarfe mai ƙarfe da aka yi da ƙarfe mai ƙarfe da aka yi da CNC da kuma kayan naɗawa masu tauri, waɗanda aka sarrafa su zuwa ga daidaiton jurewa wanda ke rage girgiza da kuma tsawaita tazara tsakanin aiki. Injin gyaran ƙarfe mai ƙarfe da aka haɗa yana tabbatar da shigar tururi da kuma haɗa gelatin - muhimmin mataki ne na rabon broiler na sitaci inda girki mai kyau ke shafar ɗaure pellet da samuwar abubuwan gina jiki kai tsaye.
Kafin a kai injin niƙa na SZLH508 zuwa Zimbabwe, ƙungiyar fasaha ta Hongyang ta gudanar da bincike daga nesa game da tsarin layin ciyar da gonar da ke akwai, ƙayyadaddun samar da wutar lantarki, da kuma bayanin kayan da aka samar. Wannan ya ba da damar daidaita girman ramukan da aka yi amfani da su a gefen masana'anta (diamita 4.0mm, ingantaccen rabon matsewa don dabarar mai noman masara da waken soya) da kuma ƙayyadaddun abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su a cikin injin da ya dace da grid na 50Hz na Zimbabwe. An kammala shigarwar cikin kwanaki biyar. Injiniyan Hongyang ya ci gaba da aiki a wurin don ba da umarni da horar da masu aiki, yana rufe duba na'urar da aka yi amfani da ita akai-akai, daidaita gibin da aka yi amfani da shi, da kuma inganta yanayin zafi - canja wurin ilimi mai amfani wanda ƙungiyar kula da gonar ba ta samu ba tare da siyan kayan aiki a baya.
Sakamako Masu Aunawa
Watanni shida bayan fara aikin, gonar ta gudanar da cikakken bita kan aikinta. An tattara sakamakon kuma an tabbatar da su daban-daban:
Ingancin Pellet
PDI ya karu daga kashi 82% zuwa kashi 94%, wanda aka auna ta hanyar amfani da hanyar gwajin ASABE ta yau da kullun. Tarar abincin da aka saka a cikin jaka ya faɗi ƙasa da kashi 5%. Ƙwayoyin da suka daɗe sun kawar da matsalar ƙura a layukan ciyarwa ta atomatik, kuma ɗabi'ar tsuntsaye ta canza daga zaɓen zaɓi zuwa cin abinci daidai gwargwado.
Rabon Canjin Ciyarwa
Gonar ta sami ci gaban FCR na kusan kashi 6.5%, wanda ya koma daga 1.68 zuwa 1.57 a cikin cikakken zagayen girma. Wannan ya yi daidai da binciken da aka buga daga Feed International wanda ke nuna cewa ƙwayoyin PDI masu yawa (>93%) suna samar da ci gaban FCR na kashi 3-10% idan aka kwatanta da ƙananan ƙwayoyin da ba su da inganci a cikin samar da nama. Don aikin samar da tan 4,000 na abinci a kowace shekara, wannan ci gaban yana wakiltar kimanin tan 260 na abinci da aka adana a kowace shekara - wani tasiri kai tsaye a ƙasa.
Kuɗin Makamashi
Yawan amfani da wutar lantarki da aka auna ya ragu daga kimanin kWh 22 zuwa 19.1 kWh a kowace tan, raguwar kashi 13%. Tare da matsakaicin harajin wutar lantarki na Zimbabwe wanda ya kai kimanin dala US $0.10–0.12 a kowace kWh ga masu amfani da kasuwanci, wannan yana nufin tanadi mai ma'ana na shekara-shekara.
Lokacin Aiki
Kamfanin injin dinki mai faɗi da aka gina a baya yana buƙatar tasha ta gyara ba tare da jadawali ba duk bayan makonni 2-3 saboda gazawar bearing ɗin da kuma lalacewar farantin. Kamfanin SZLH508, wanda ke aiki a ƙarƙashin jadawalin samarwa iri ɗaya da yanayin kayan masarufi, ya kammala watanni shida na ci gaba da samarwa tare da tasha ta kariya daga cututtuka. Kayayyakin gyara, waɗanda gonar ta samo ta hanyar hanyoyin shigo da kaya na yau da kullun a farashi mai tsada da kuma dogon lokaci, yanzu ana samun su ta hanyar hanyar sadarwa ta Liyang Hongyang da aka kafa bayan sayarwa.
Tasirin Dabaru ga Masana'antar Abinci ta Afirka
Shari'ar Zimbabwe ta nuna wani yanayi mai faɗi a fannin niƙa abinci a Afirka. USDA da FAO sun lura cewa ayyukan ciyar da abinci na kasuwanci masu matsakaicin girma a faɗin Afirka na canzawa daga kayan aiki na matakin farko zuwa na masana'antu yayin da suke haɓaka samarwa kuma suna fuskantar hauhawar farashin shigarwa. Haɓaka injin pellet - zuciyar kowace layin samar da abinci - sau da yawa yana ba da mafi girman riba akan saka hannun jari tsakanin zaɓuɓɓukan sake ginawa.
Ga Liyang Hongyang, tsarin aikin Zimbabwe ya ƙarfafa alƙawarin kamfanin na tallafawa abokan ciniki bayan siyarwar farko. Lokacin da gonar daga baya ta nemi takamaiman takamaiman adadin abincin da aka dafa don sabon tsarin ciyar da abinci, ƙungiyar fasaha ta Hongyang ta mayar da martani tare da shawarar rabon matsi na musamman cikin awanni 48, tare da isar da mayafin da aka maye gurbinsa zuwa Harare cikin makonni uku.
Wannan ba kawai labari ne na maye gurbin kayan aiki ba. Misali ne na abin da ke faruwa lokacin da masana'antar ciyar da abinci ta haɗu da mai samar da kayayyaki wanda ke ɗaukar aikin injin a matsayin alaƙar injiniya mai ci gaba maimakon ciniki na lokaci ɗaya. A cikin kasuwa inda kowace kashi na ci gaban FCR ke fassara zuwa dubban daloli da aka adana, wannan bambanci yana da mahimmanci.
Yanzu haka SZLH508 tana aiki sama da sa'o'i 2,000 na samarwa a masana'antar Zimbabwe. Ingancin pellet ya kasance iri ɗaya, yawan amfani da makamashi ya tsaya cak, kuma gonar ta fara shirin samar da layin samarwa na biyu - tare da kayan aikin Liyang Hongyang tun daga farko.
Tushen bayanai:Rahoton Hukumar Aikin Noma ta Ƙasashen Waje ta USDA GAIN (Kaji da Kayayyakin Zimbabwe na Shekara-shekara, 2023); ASABE Standard S269.4 (Gwajin Ma'aunin Dorewa na Pellet); Ciyar da Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai na Duniya / WATT (ingancin pellet da binciken FCR); Bayanan kasuwar Ƙungiyar Kaji ta Zimbabwe.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuni-26-2026
