Takaitaccen Bayani na Babban Jami'i
Ƙasa / Yanki: Myanmar, Delta Ayeyarwady (yankin Pathein)
Abokin Ciniki: Mai samar da abincin ruwa na gida wanda ke ba da jatan lande baƙi (Penaeus monodon) da gonakin jatan lande fari na Pacific (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Babban Kayan Aiki: Injin pellet na SZLH420 mai nau'in zobe mai laushi biyu (matakai biyu)
Ƙarfin: 2-3 T/H don abincin jatan lande (φ1.5, 1.8, 2.0 mm mutu)
Tsarin sanyaya jiki: Layer na 1 75-80 °C / Danshi 16-17%; Layer na 2 85-90 °C / Danshi 17.5-18%; riƙewa gaba ɗaya ~ 90 s
Ingancin Pellet: PDI 95-96% (Holmen 30 s); daidaiton ruwa na awanni 3.5-4; tarar ƙasa da 1.5%
Fitar da Kullum: 50-60 t/rana, aiki sau 2
Sabis & Tallafi: Aikin da aka yi a wurin, bin diddigin aiki na watanni 6, kayan gyara na gida ta hanyar ma'ajiyar Mandalay
Yanayin Kasuwa: Bukatar Abincin Ruwa a Delta na Ayeyarwady
Yankin Ayeyarwady Delta, wanda ke karkashin tashar jiragen ruwa ta Pathein, shine cibiyar noman jatan lande mai launin baƙi na Myanmar (Penaeus monodon). Bayanan gwamnati da Xinhua ta buga a watan Yulin 2024 sun tabbatar da cewa Myanmar na da niyyar sakin jatan lande sama da miliyan 40 a shekarar kuɗi ta 2024-25, tare da samar da jatan lande na shekara-shekara sama da miliyan 100; rarar tana tallafawa tarin jatan lande na kasuwanci a yankunan delta, Taninthayi da Yangon. A ɓangaren fitar da kaya, Ƙungiyar Kamun Kifi ta Yankin Taninthayi ta ba da rahoton cewa an fitar da tan 5,946 na jatan lande na Panamei (farin Pacific) zuwa watan Disamba a shekarar kuɗi ta 2024-25, tare da jigilar daskararrun yankan zuwa Japan da kuma dafaffen kayayyakin zuwa China, kuma ƙasar tana aiki tuƙuru don faɗaɗa samar da ruwan jatan lande bayan lokacin damina.
A kan wannan faɗaɗawa, wadatar ruwa ta gida ta ragu. A ƙarshen shekarar 2009, eFeedLink ta lura da masana'antu 26 na ciyar da kifi waɗanda suka taru a Yangon, Pathein, Mandalay da wasu ƙananan garuruwa, amma bayan shekaru goma, ɓangaren ciyar da jatan lande har yanzu ana samar da shi ta hanyar amfani da ƙananan kwalaye da aka kawo daga Thailand da Vietnam. Gibin ya fi bayyana a bakin tafkin: abincin da aka shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje yana da ƙimar farashi, yana zuwa bisa jadawalin da bai dace ba, kuma sau da yawa yana raguwa a cikin PDI da kwanciyar hankali na ruwa da zarar kwantena ya kasance a kan hanya tsawon makonni. Ga bayanin mahaɗan delta a wannan yanayin, wannan canjin yanayi shine dalilin da ya kawo ɓarna a cikin gida.
Abokin Ciniki: Rukunin Gonar Jatan Lande Mai Haɗaka Gaba
Abokin cinikin wani rukuni ne na kiwon kamun kifi mallakar iyali wanda ya yi aiki da tafkunan jatan lande na baki na kimanin hekta 120 a kewayen garin Pathein tsawon sama da shekaru goma sha biyar. Mai shi manomi ne na ƙarni na biyu; yana sayar da mafi yawan amfanin gonarsa ga wani mai fitar da abincin teku da ke Yangon kuma yana ɗaukar wasu ƙananan manoma hekta 40 a ƙarƙashin shirin ciyarwa da kuma ɗaukar kaya. A farkon shekarar 2025, bayan zagaye biyu a jere inda crumble na jatan lande da aka shigo da su ya rasa fiye da kashi 8% na yawan amfanin gonarsa sakamakon karyewar da ya yi a lokacin jigilar titin Yangon-Pathein, ƙungiyar ta yanke shawarar kafa layin ciyar da jatan lande, wanda girmansa ya kai murabba'in tafkunanta tare da samar da kwangila ga gonakin da ke makwabtaka.
Buƙatar asali ta musamman, wacce aka miƙa wa wasu masu samar da ruwa na China da Turai, ta kasance don layin ciyar da ruwa mai ƙarfin T/H 2. Sigogi masu inganci waɗanda ba za a iya yin sulhu a kansu ba sune: ma'aunin juriyar pellet (PDI, Holmen 30 s) sama da 95% akan ma'aunin 1.8 mm; daidaiton ruwa sama da awanni 3 a cikin ruwan teku mai natsuwa a 28 °C; da kuma ikon sarrafa jatan lande, kifi da kaguwa a kan kwandishan iri ɗaya ba tare da sake ginawa ba tsakanin girke-girke. Farashin ya kasance na biyu.
Dalilin da yasa na'urar sanyaya daki mai layi biyu ta zama cikakkiyar bayani
Yawancin injinan niƙa pellet masu siffar zobe a cikin aji na T/H 1-5 suna da na'urar sanyaya daki ɗaya. Ga kaji da yawancin abincin dabbobi, ɗaki ɗaya mai riƙewa na daƙiƙa 30-40 ya isa. Ga abincin jatan lande ba haka bane. Nassoshin masana'antu sun haɗu akan dalili ɗaya na zahiri: abincin jatan lande an tsara shi ne a danshi 17-18% da zafin fita na 85-90 °C, duka biyun sun fi abincin kaji girma, kuma aikin ɗaurewa ya dogara ne akan kusan cikakken gelatinization na sitaci da kuma cire furotin na ɓangare, wanda hakan ke buƙatar danshi mafi girma da kuma tsawon lokacin da za a ɗauka ga zafi fiye da yadda na'urar sanyaya daki mai mataki ɗaya za ta iya bayarwa.
Na'urar sanyaya daki mai layuka biyu tana magance wannan ta hanyar ƙaramin sawun ƙafa. Ɗakin farko yana aiki azaman na'urar sanyaya daki: na'urar da aka yi da ƙasa tana shiga a yanayin zafi na yanayi, tururi yana shiga ta hanyar bututun ƙarfe da yawa, kuma mai tayar da kayan yana tura kayan gaba yayin da zafin jiki ke hawa zuwa kusan 75-80 °C da danshi zuwa 16-17%. Ɗakin na biyu yana aiki azaman matakin riƙewa/balaga: ba a ƙara ƙarin tururi ba, amma saurin mai tayar da hankali da kuma hanyar shaft mai tsawo suna kiyaye kayan suna hulɗa da yanayin zafi da danshi na tsawon daƙiƙa 30-40, suna tura zafin zuwa 85-90 °C da danshi zuwa 17.5-18%. Jimlar lokacin zama yana cikin kewayon daƙiƙa 80-100 - wanda ya ninka na'urar daki ɗaya sau biyu - wanda shine abin da tsarin ciyar da jatan lande ke buƙata don isa 95%+ PDI.
Abokin ciniki ya ziyarci masu samar da kayayyaki guda uku masu fafatawa a lokacin da ake neman aikin. Ɗaya daga cikinsu ya bayar da injin mai layi ɗaya a farashi mai rahusa; wani kamfanin Turai ya bayar da injin mai layi ɗaya tare da na'urar sanyaya iska ta waje (a zahiri jiragen ruwa biyu a jere tare da bututun canja wuri a tsakaninsu). Hongyang SZLH420 tare da na'urar sanyaya iska mai layi biyu ita ce kawai ƙirar da ta ba shi na'urar sanyaya iska ta 90s a cikin firam ɗaya mai haɗe, tare da madauri ɗaya na PLC da tashar mai aiki ɗaya. Wannan haɗin kai - da kuma gaskiyar cewa na'urar sanyaya iska, bututun ciyarwa da hopper duk an gina su da bakin ƙarfe don tsayayya da iskar bakin teku ta Pathein mai arzikin chloride - shine abin da ya yanke shawara.
Tsarin Kayan Aiki da Gudun Tsarin Aiki
Cikakken layin T/H na 2-3 da aka isar wa Pathein yana da manyan abubuwa masu zuwa:
Karɓa da Niƙa: Injin niƙa na SFSP, 55 kW (allon 1.0-1.2 mm don ciyar da jatan lande)
Batching & Haɗawa: Injin haɗa faifan shaft mai shaft biyu, L 1,000, 18.5 kW (haɗawa da s 90, CV <= 5%)
Na'urar sanyaya iska: Na'urar sanyaya iska mai layuka biyu (Hongyang), 11 kW (75-80 / 85-90 °C, riƙewa ~90 s)
Fitar da bututun ƙarfe: Injin niƙa mai ƙarfin ƙarfe na SZLH420, 110 kW (mashin niƙa mai ƙarfin ƙarfe 1.5 / 1.8 / 2.0 mm; 2.5-3 T/H akan 1.8 mm)
Sanyaya: Mai sanyaya SKLN (zafin pellet ya faɗi daga 88 °C zuwa yanayin +5 °C)
Rushewa: SSLG25x170 mai jujjuyawar na'ura, 18.5 kW (Rushewa 0.5-1.0 mm don matakan matasa)
Allo da Marufi: Na'urar tantancewa mai juyawa + jakar jigilar kaya ta atomatik (Cire tarar, zaɓuɓɓukan jaka na 25/40 kg)
Na'urar sanyaya iska mai layuka biyu tana amfani da saman hulɗar bakin ƙarfe mai kama da abinci, allurar tururin axial, da kuma faifan motsa iska mai sauri. Bawuloli masu sarrafa tururi na PLC suna daidaita matsin lamba a cikin kewayon sandunan 2-4; mai aiki yana saita zafin da aka nufa kawai akan HMI, kuma mai sarrafawa yana rage kwararar tururi duk bayan daƙiƙa biyu. Na'urar firikwensin PT100 a wurin fita na ɗakin na biyu ita ce ma'aunin rufewa.
Sakamakon Aiki da Sakamakon Watan Farko
Hongyang ta aika da injiniyan aiki zuwa Pathein na tsawon kwanaki 12. An yi amfani da kwanaki uku na farko don tabbatar da wadatar tururi daga tukunyar injin biomass na abokin ciniki mai nauyin tan 4, daidaita na'urorin auna zafin jiki, da kuma gudanar da gwajin farawa da sanyi na injin niƙa a cikin kaya mara komai. Kwanaki shida masu zuwa an yi amfani da su wajen gudanar da tsari guda huɗu - injin niƙa mai launin baƙi mai furotin 35%, injin niƙa vannamei 28% na CP, abincin kaguwa mai kaguwa CP 30%, da injin niƙa mai ruwa 20% na CP tilapia - da kuma daidaita matsin lamba da saurin tururi na kowane Layer na kwandishan don kowane girke-girke. Kwanaki uku na ƙarshe sun ƙunshi tsarin mikawa na mai aiki, hanyoyin kulle-kulle-tagout, da zaman gwajin Holmen PDI wanda ƙungiyar QC ta abokin ciniki za ta maimaita kowane wata.
Cikakken watan farko na aikin sau biyu ya samar da sakamako masu zuwa a cikin kimanin tan 1,500 na abincin jatan lande da aka gama:
Fitar da bayanai ta awa daya (1.8 mm dice): manufa 2.0 T/H / an cimma 2.4 T/H
PDI, Holmen 30 s: manufa >= 95.0% / an cimma 95.6%
Daidaiton ruwa, har yanzu ruwan teku yana da digiri 28 Celsius: manufa >= awanni 3.0 / an cimma awanni 3.6
Zafin sanyaya, fitowar Layer na 2: manufa 85-90 °C / an cimma 87.4 °C
Danshi bayan sanyaya: manufa <= 12.5% / an cimma 12.1%
Tarar da aka samu a cikin jakar da aka gama: manufa <= 2.0% / an cimma 1.4%
Ƙarfin da aka ƙayyade, injin niƙa + na'urar sanyaya iska: manufa <= 45 kWh/t / an cimma 42.8 kWh/t
Mai shi ya ba da rahoton wani canji mai ban mamaki a yanayin gefen kududdufi a cikin makonni biyu na farko: ƙwayoyin abinci sun kasance daidai a cikin cikakken lokacin ciyarwa na awanni huɗu, datti a cikin kududdufin ya ragu saboda ƙarancin tarar da ke shiga cikin bututun ruwa, kuma rabon canza abinci akan hadaddiyar damisar baƙi ta CP 35% ya inganta daga kimanin 1.55 (tare da abincin da aka shigo da shi a baya) zuwa 1.42. Duk da haka, mafi girman ribar ita ce ta hanyar dabaru: abokin ciniki ya daina sanya umarnin gaggawa na mako-mako don ɗaukar manyan motocin Thai kuma ya fara tsara samarwa bisa ga tsarin gonakinsa, wanda ya cire kimanin kwanaki 8-10 na kayan ajiya daga takardar ma'auni.
Sabis, Kayayyakin Sayarwa da Kasancewar Yanki
Layin ciyar da jatan lande wanda ba ya aiki a lokacin tagar safa ta vannamei ba layi ne da ke samun riba ba. Jajircewar Hongyang kan wannan aikin ya haɗa da ziyarar aiki ta watanni 6 da injiniyan yanki da ke Yangon ya tsara, kayan gyara da aka ba da shawarar (satin harsashi ɗaya, zobe biyu, faifan motsa jiki, bearings da kayan hatimi na yau da kullun) da aka aika tare da layin kuma aka adana a cikin ma'ajiyar abokin ciniki ta Mandalay, da kuma tagar amsawa ta awanni 24 don tallafin bidiyo daga ofishin babban ofishin Jiangsu. Ana tattara kayan sakawa na yau da kullun a ma'ajiyar Mandalay don isa Pathein cikin awanni 36 ta hanya.
Kammalawa
Shigar da Pathein ya nuna wani tsari da ya zama ruwan dare a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya tun daga shekarar 2023: wani mai kula da harkokin kiwo mai haɗaka, wanda ya gaji da bambancin abincin da aka shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje, ya zaɓi ya shigar da ƙaramin layin ciyar da ruwa mai kyau wanda aka ƙera matakin sanyaya abinci don gaskiyar tsarin jatan lande da kaguwa, ba don matsakaicin kwali na dabbobi ba. A wannan sikelin, injin sanyaya abinci mai layuka biyu wanda aka haɗa a cikin layin zobe na T/H 2-3 shine hanya mafi inganci don isa ga 95% PDI da kwanciyar hankali na ruwa na awanni 3 da gonar jatan lande ke buƙata. Ga Hongyang, shari'ar ta tabbatar da cewa ci gaban da ke tafe a kasuwar ciyar da ruwa ta yankin ba za a ci nasara a kan tan na niƙa na pellet kawai ba, amma a kan fasahar sanyaya abinci wadda ke tantance ko waɗannan kwali sun tsira daga tafiya daga jaka zuwa tafkin.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuli-08-2026
